Before you put on your newly bought barefoot shoes and start running, there are a few exercises I would recommend you to do. They will help to improve your flexibility and the natural cushioning effect of your feet, which are, according to studies, responsible for cushioning the impact by more than 50% when running barefoot. This really helps to take the impact off your knees and hips.
Squats
A simple, but really important exercise, are squats. Everybody who has read or heard about the squatting technique knows that the "right" way to do a squat varies greatly, depending on where you look.
The version recommended by barefoot running coach Lee Saxby emphasizes the following points: your feet and toes point very much outwards (they should be by no means parallel). Your pelvis should be very close to the ground. This helps to stretch your calves, tendons and the other muscles, and the mobility of your spine is also improved.
Here is a link to the video:
https://vimeo.com/19357331
Jumping
Apart from flexibility in the spine and stretching of your lower legs, the "cushioning effect" through the muscles in your feet has to be trained. The very simple way of training those muscles is jumping. The important thing here is not to jump particularly high or far, but to keep to the right rhythm (you have guessed it, 180bpm). Check out the video:
https://vimeo.com/19359137
This rhythm corresponds to the natural elasticity of your body's tensions - if your rhythm deviates too much from 180bpm, you will tire much more quickly, and also risk injuries.
Besides the classic two-legged jumps, you can also do one-legged jumps, which will prepare you for harder impacts, and help improve your balance.
If you have a rope, your can also use that for jumping. It will help motivate you for longer jumping sessions.
When are you ready for barefoot running?
Principally you could soon start with short distances (1-2km, off-road). If you are patient, you could do other exercises besides squats and jumps before starting to run.
But to know when you are really ready, there is something measurable out there.
Jay Dicharry of RunningTimesMagazine uploaded a Video to youtube that describes three simple tests. If you are able to pass those properly, you should have the correct prerequisites for barefoot running. Jay also emphasizes the importance of ankle mobility and the balls of the feet, especially the large toe.
The three tests are in short:
- Sitting on a chair, feet flat on the ground, knees at 90°. Move forward on the chair until your knees protrude over the tips of your toes. If your heel is still on the ground, you are good. At the same time, you should be able to lift your big toe up 30° in this position.
- Toe coordination: you should practice lifting your big toe while pressing down with all other toes, and vice versa.
- Balance on one leg: Similarly to one-legged jumps as described above, you should be able to stand on one leg for longer than a few seconds - hands on your hips, and even eyes closed.
I have to admit that I probably would not have passed all of these tests when I started running barefoot. Training before, however, have spared me the sporadic pain in my left foot that I felt in the beginning. By now, I pass all these tests easily, which shows me how important these exercises are for correct and pain-free running.
Conclusion - Preparation for barefoot running
I myself unfortunately did not perform these exercises before I started barefoot running. Luckily, I did not suffer heavy consequences. Still, I observed that some difficulties like muscle soreness or sporadic ankle pain vanished soon after I started doing these training exercises.
Barefoot running coach Lee Saxby recommends doing these exercises for two weeks before beginning to run. Additionally, I would recommend you to wear especially flat shoes in the beginning. They don't have to be barefoot shoes, but it would be nice if their heels are not 2cm or even higher.
To finish up, here is another video with some more exercises:
https://vimeo.com/12551218